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Yiziphi Izinto Ezidingekayo Esakhiweni Sesakhiwo Sensimbi Esisezingeni Eliphezulu?

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Isakhiwo sezakhiwo zensimbisebenzisa insimbi njengesakhiwo esithwala imithwalo esiyinhloko (njengemishayo, amakholomu, nama-trusses), okulekelelwa yizingxenye ezingawuthwali umthwalo njengokhonkolo nodonga. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zensimbi, njengamandla aphezulu, i-lightweight, kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha, zikwenze kwaba ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwesimanjemanje, ikakhulukazi kumabhilidi amakhulu, aphakeme kakhulu, kanye nezimboni. Izakhiwo zensimbi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinkundleni zemidlalo, emahholo emibukiso, kumabhilidi, amafekthri, amabhuloho, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

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Amafomu Abalulekile Esakhiwo

Isakhiwo sesakhiwo sesakhiwo sensimbi sidinga ukukhethwa ngokuvumelana nomsebenzi wokwakha (njenge-span, ubude, nomthwalo). Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile yilezi ezilandelayo:

Ifomu Lesakhiwo Isimiso Esiyinhloko Izimo Ezisebenzayo Ikesi Elijwayelekile
Isakhiwo sohlaka Yakhiwe ngemishayo namakholomu axhunywe ngamajoyinti aqinile noma anamahinge ukuze akhe amafreyimu aqondile, athwala imithwalo eqondile kanye nemithwalo evundlile (umoya, ukuzamazama komhlaba). Izakhiwo zamahhovisi ezinezitezi/eziphakeme, amahhotela, amafulethi (ngokuvamile anobude obungu-≤ 100m). I-China World Trade Center Tower 3B (uhlaka oluyingxenye)
Isakhiwo Setruss Iqukethe amalungu aqondile (isb, insimbi ye-engeli, insimbi eyindilinga) akhiwe amayunithi angunxantathu. Isebenzisa ukuzinza konxantathu ukudlulisa imithwalo, iqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla afanayo. Izakhiwo ezinkulu ezibanzi (i-span: 20-100m): izindawo zokuzivocavoca, amahholo emibukiso, ama-workshops asefekthri. Uphahla Lwenkundla Yezemidlalo Kazwelonke (Isidleke Sezinyoni)
I-Space Truss/Lattice Shell Structure Kwakhiwe amalungu amaningi ahlelwe ngephethini evamile (isb, onxantathu abalinganayo, izikwele) abe yigridi yendawo. Amandla asatshalaliswa ngokwendawo, avumela izindawo ezinkulu zokuhlanganisa. Izakhiwo ezinkulu ezinwetshiwe (i-span: 50-200m): izikhumulo zezindiza, izikhungo zemihlangano. Uphahla lwe-Guangzhou Baiyun Airport Terminal 2
I-Portal Rigid Frame Isakhiwo Yakhiwe ngamakholomu ozimele aqinile kanye nemishayo ukuze yakhe uhlaka olumise "isango". Izisekelo zekholomu zivame ukuhlotshaniswa, ezifanele ukuthwala imithwalo elula. Izitshalo zezimboni ezinesitezi esisodwa, izindawo zokugcina izimpahla, izikhungo zezokuthutha (i-span: 10-30m). Iworkshop yokukhiqiza yemboni yezimoto
Isakhiwo Sekhebula-Membrane Isebenzisa izintambo zensimbi ezinamandla aphezulu (isb., amakhebuli ensimbi) njengohlaka oluthwala umthwalo, elimbozwe ngezinto zolwelwesi eziguquguqukayo (isb., ulwelwesi lwe-PTFE), okufaka kokubili amandla okudlulisa ukukhanya namandla we-span enkulu. Izakhiwo zezwe, izindawo zokuvivinya umzimba ulwelwesi olusekelwa umoya, ama-canopies esiteshi esikhokhelwayo. Ihholo Lokubhukuda lase-Shanghai Oriental Sports Center
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Izinto Ezibalulekile

Insimbi esetshenziswa kuizakhiwo zensimbikufanele kukhethwe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zomthwalo wesakhiwo, isimo sokufakwa, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Ihlukaniswe ngokuyinhloko ngezigaba ezintathu: amapuleti, amaphrofayili, namapayipi. Izigaba ezincanyana nezici zimi kanje:

I. Amapuleti:
1. Amapuleti ensimbi aminyene
2. Amapuleti ensimbi anomzimba omncane
3. Amapuleti ensimbi anephethini

II. Amaphrofayili:
(I) Amaphrofayli ashisayo: Afanele izingxenye ezithwala umthwalo, anikeza amandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina.
1. I-I-imishayo (kuhlanganise ne-H-imishayo)
2. Insimbi yesiteshi (i-C-beams)
3. I-engela yensimbi (i-L-imishayo)
4. Insimbi eyisicaba
(II) Amaphrofayili anezindonga ezincane ezakhiwe ngendlela ebandayo: Afanele izinto ezingasindi futhi ezivalekile, anikezela ngesisindo esiphansi
1. Imishayo ye-C ebandayo
2. Imishayo ye-Z eyakhiwe ngokubanda
3. Amapayipi ayisikwele abandayo kanye namapayipi angama-rectangular

III. Amapayipi:
1. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo
2. Amapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe
3. Amapayipi ashiselwe okuvunguza
4. Amapayipi ensimbi amise okwesipesheli

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Isakhiwo Sensimbi Sinenzuzo

Amandla Aphakeme, Isisindo Esilula: Amandla ensimbi futhi acindezelayo aphakeme kakhulu kunokhonkolo (cishe izikhathi ezi-5-10 zalokho okukhonkolo). Njengoba kunikezwe izidingo ezifanayo zokuthwala umthwalo, izingxenye zesakhiwo sensimbi zingaba zincane ngokwehlukana futhi zibe lula ngesisindo (cishe u-1/3-1/5 wezakhiwo zikakhonkolo).

Ukwakhiwa Okusheshayo kanye Nezimboni Eziphakeme: Isakhiwo sensimbiizingxenye (ezifana nemishayo ye-H namakholomu ebhokisi) zingalinganiswa futhi zenziwe ezimbonini ezinobungane bezinga lemilimitha. Badinga kuphela ukubholtha noma ukushisela ukuze kuhlanganiswe esizeni, kuqede isidingo sesikhathi sokuphulukisa njengokhonkolo.

Ukusebenza Kwe-Seismic Okuhle Kakhulu: Insimbi ibonisa i-ductility enhle kakhulu (okungukuthi, ingakhubaza kakhulu ngaphansi komthwalo ngaphandle kokuphuka kungazelelwe). Ngesikhathi sokuzamazama komhlaba, izakhiwo zensimbi zimunca amandla ngokuguqulwa kwazo, zinciphise ingozi yokuwa kwesakhiwo sonke.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwesikhala Esiphezulu: Izingxenye ezincane eziphambanayo zezingxenye zesakhiwo sensimbi (ezifana namakholomu ensimbi eshubhu kanye nemishayo engu-H emincane ye-flange) zinciphisa isikhala esithathwe izindonga noma amakholomu.

Inobungani Nemvelo futhi Igaya Kabusha Kakhulu: Insimbi inezinga eliphezulu lokugaywa kabusha phakathi kwezinto zokwakha (ngaphezu kuka-90%). Izakhiwo zensimbi ezihlakaziwe zingacutshungulwa futhi zisetshenziswe kabusha, kuncishiswe imfucuza yokwakha.

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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-01-2025
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