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Yiziphi Izinto Ezidingekayo Esakhiweni Sensimbi Esisezingeni Eliphezulu?

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Isakhiwo sezakhiwo zensimbisebenzisa insimbi njengesakhiwo esiyinhloko esithwala umthwalo (njengezinsika, amakholomu, kanye nezinsika), esingezwe yizingxenye ezingathwali umthwalo njengekhonkrithi nezinto zodonga. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zensimbi, njengokuqina okuphezulu, ukungabi lula, kanye nokuphindeka kabusha, zenze ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zesimanje, ikakhulukazi ezakhiweni ezinkulu, eziphakeme, kanye nezimboni. Izakhiwo zensimbi zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinkundleni zemidlalo, emahholo ombukiso, ezakhiweni eziphakeme, emafektri, emabhulohweni, nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

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Amafomu Ayinhloko Esakhiwo

Uhlobo lwesakhiwo sesakhiwo sensimbi ludinga ukukhethwa ngokuya ngomsebenzi wesakhiwo (njengobubanzi, ukuphakama, kanye nomthwalo). Izinhlobo ezivamile yilezi ezilandelayo:

Ifomu Lokwakheka Isimiso Esiyinhloko Izimo Ezisebenzayo Ikesi Elijwayelekile
Isakhiwo Sohlaka Yakhiwe ngemishayo nezinsika ezixhunywe ngamajoyinti aqinile noma anamathele ukuze kwakheke ozimele abahleliwe, abathwala imithwalo eqondile kanye nemithwalo evundlile (umoya, ukuzamazama komhlaba). Izakhiwo zamahhovisi ezinezitezi eziningi/ezinde, amahhotela, amafulethi (ngokuvamile anokuphakama okungu-≤ 100m). I-China World Trade Center Tower 3B (uhlaka oluyingxenye)
Isakhiwo seTruss Yakhiwe ngamalungu aqondile (isb., insimbi ekhoneni, insimbi eyindilinga) eyakhiwe yaba amayunithi angunxantathu. Isebenzisa ukuzinza konxantathu ukudlulisa imithwalo, iqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla okufanayo. Izakhiwo ezinkulu (ubude: 20-100m): izindawo zokujima, amahholo ombukiso, ama-workshop asefektri. Uphahla lweNational Stadium (Isidleke Sezinyoni)
Isakhiwo se-Space Truss/Lattice Shell Kwakhiwe amalungu amaningi ahlelwe ngendlela ejwayelekile (isb., onxantathu abalinganayo, izikwele) kugridi yendawo. Amandla asatshalaliswa ngokwendawo, okwenza kube lula izindawo ezinkulu zokumboza. Izakhiwo ezinkulu kakhulu (ubude: 50-200m): iziteshi zezindiza, izikhungo zemihlangano. Uphahla lweSikhumulo Sezindiza i-Guangzhou Baiyun 2
Isakhiwo Sohlaka Oluqinile Lwephothali Yakhiwe ngamakholomu ohlaka oluqinile kanye nemishayo ukuze kwakheke uhlaka olufana "nesango". Izisekelo zamakholomu zivame ukuba nezihibe, ezifanele ukuthwala imithwalo elula. Izitshalo zezimboni ezinesitezi esisodwa, izindawo zokugcina impahla, izikhungo zokuthutha (ubude: 10-30m). Indawo yokukhiqiza yefektri yezimoto
Isakhiwo se-Cable-Membrane Isebenzisa izintambo zensimbi ezinamandla aphezulu (isb., izintambo zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe) njengohlaka oluthwala umthwalo, olumbozwe ngezinto eziguquguqukayo ze-membrane (isb., i-PTFE membrane), olunezikhono zokudlulisa ukukhanya kanye ne-large-span. Izakhiwo eziklanywe ngendlela yesimo sendawo, izindawo zokuzivocavoca ezisekelwa umoya, ama-canopy eziteshini zokukhokha intela. IHholo Lokubhukuda leSikhungo Sezemidlalo SaseMpumalanga saseShanghai
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Izinto Eziyinhloko

Insimbi esetshenziswe kuizakhiwo zesakhiwo sensimbikumele kukhethwe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zomthwalo wesakhiwo, isimo sokufakwa, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Ihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezintathu: amapuleti, amaphrofayili, namapayipi. Izigaba ezincane ezithile kanye nezici yilezi ezilandelayo:

I. Amapuleti:
1. Amapuleti ensimbi aqinile
2. Amapuleti ensimbi aphakathi nendawo amancane
3. Amapuleti ensimbi anephethini

II. Amaphrofayili:
(I) Amaphrofayili asongwayo ashisayo: Afanelekela izingxenye eziyinhloko ezithwala umthwalo, anikeza amandla aphezulu nokuqina
1. Imisebe ye-I (kufaka phakathi imisebe ye-H)
2. Insimbi yesiteshi (ama-C-beams)
3. Insimbi ye-engela (imishayo ye-L)
4. Insimbi eyisicaba
(II) Amaphrofayili aqinile anezindonga ezincane ezakhiwe ngokubandayo: Afanelekela izingxenye ezilula nezimboziwe, anikeza isisindo esincane
1. Imisebe ye-C eyakhiwe ngokubandayo
2. Imisebe ka-Z eyakheke ngokubandayo
3. Amapayipi ayisikwele nangunxande akhiwe ngendlela ebandayo

III. Amapayipi:
1. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo
2. Amapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe
3. Amapayipi ahlanganisiwe ajikelezayo
4. Amapayipi ensimbi anomumo okhethekile

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Isakhiwo Sensimbi Sinenzuzo

Amandla Aphezulu, Isisindo Esilula: Amandla okubamba nokucindezela ensimbi aphezulu kakhulu kunekhonkrithi (cishe izikhathi ezi-5-10 kunekhonkrithi). Njengoba kunezidingo ezifanayo zokuthwala umthwalo, izingxenye zensimbi zingaba zincane kakhulu ngokwesigaba esiphambeneyo futhi zibe lula ngesisindo (cishe u-1/3-1/5 kunezakhiwo zekhonkrithi).

Ukwakhiwa Okusheshayo Nokuthuthukiswa Okuphezulu Kwezimboni: Isakhiwo sensimbiizingxenye (njengezinsika ze-H namakholomu ebhokisi) zingalinganiswa futhi zikhiqizwe ezimbonini ngokunemba kwezinga le-millimeter. Zidinga kuphela ukushiswa noma ukushiswa ukuze kuhlanganiswe endaweni, okususa isidingo sesikhathi sokuqina njengokhonkolo.

Ukusebenza Okuhle Kakhulu Kwe-Seismic: Insimbi ibonisa ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu (okungukuthi, ingaguquguquka kakhulu ngaphansi komthwalo ngaphandle kokuphuka ngokuzumayo). Ngesikhathi sokuzamazama komhlaba, izakhiwo zensimbi zimunca amandla ngokuguquguquka kwazo, okunciphisa ingozi yokuwa kwesakhiwo sonke.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwesikhala Esiphezulu: Izingxenye ezincane ezihlanganisiwe zezingxenye zesakhiwo sensimbi (njengezinsika zensimbi ezishubhu kanye nezinsimbi ze-H ezicijile) zinciphisa isikhala esihlala izindonga noma izinsika.

Kunobungani Nemvelo Futhi Kungasetshenziswa Kabusha KakhuluInsimbi ingenye yezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokusebenzisa kabusha phakathi kwezinto zokwakha (ngaphezu kuka-90%). Izakhiwo zensimbi ezidiliziwe zingacutshungulwa futhi zisetshenziswe kabusha, okunciphisa imfucuza yokwakha.

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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-01-2025
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