Izindaba - Yiziphi izinhlobo zezakhiwo zensimbi?

Emkhakheni wokwakhiwa kwesimanje,izakhiwo zensimbiziye zavela njengetshe legumbi, elaziswa ngamandla azo, ukuqina, nokuguquguquka. Kusukela kumabhilidi aphakeme kuya ezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla zezimboni, lezi zakhiwo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni indawo yethu eyakhiwe. Kodwa yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezakhiwo zensimbi, futhi zihluke kanjani ekuklanyeni nasekusetshenzisweni?

Okokuqala nokubalulekile,izakhiwo zensimbi ezinezinhlakaime njengenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Yakhelwe ngemishayo namakholomu axhunywe ngamabhawodi noma ngokushisela, le sistimu isabalalisa imithwalo ngendlela efanele kulo lonke uhlaka. Izakhiwo ezinozimele zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano, njengemibhoshongo yamahhovisi kanye nezitolo ezinkulu, lapho ukuguquguquka kwesakhiwo sangaphakathi kubalulekile. Imvelo yabo ye-modular ivumela ukwenza ngokwezifiso okulula, okubenza babe intandokazi phakathi kwabakhi bezakhiwo abafuna kokubili ukusebenza nokukhanga kobuhle.

Esinye isigaba esivelele yitruss steel izakhiwo. Ebonakala ngamayunithi angunxantathu axhunywe ndawonye, ama-trusses ahamba phambili ekuhlanganiseni amabanga amakhulu ngaphandle kwesidingo sezinto ezisetshenziswayo ngokweqile. Lokhu kuzenza zilungele izakhiwo ezinjengamabhuloho, izinkundla zemidlalo, nama-hangars esikhumulweni sezindiza. Idizayini engunxantathu iqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwesisindo esifanele, kunciphisa ukucindezeleka ezingxenyeni ezingazodwana futhi ivumele ukudalwa kwezikhala ezinkulu, ezivulekile—okubalulekile ezindaweni ezidinga ingaphakathi elingavinjelwe.

Izakhiwo zensimbi ye-Archzimelela inhlanganisela yobunjiniyela nobuciko. Ngokulingisa amandla emvelo omumo onama-arched, lezi zakhiwo zisebenzisa amalungu ensimbi agobile ukuze athwale imithwalo esindayo, edlulisela isisindo ngaphandle kumakholomu asekelayo noma izisekelo. Izakhiwo zama-arch zivame ukukhethwa njengezimpawu zomhlaba eziyisithombe, amahholo, namahholo emibukiso, lapho amafomu azo amahle, ashanelayo enza isitatimende esibonakalayo esimangalisayo kuyilapho egcina ubuqotho besakhiwo.

Okwamaphrojekthi adinga ukusekelwa okuqinile kwemishini esindayo noma isitoreji,izakhiwo zensimbi ze-gantrykukhona ukukhetha. Lezi zakhiwo zifaka imishayo evundlile esekelwa ama-uprights, ngokuvamile afakwe ama-cranes noma ama-hoist okuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo. Okuvame ukutholakala ezimbonini, emachwebeni, nasezindaweni zokwakha, izakhiwo ze-gantry zibeka phambili ukuqina namandla okuthwala umthwalo, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okungenazihibe kuzilungiselelo zezimboni.

Okokugcina,igobolondo steel izakhiwonikeza indlela eyingqayizivele yokuvala izindawo. Esebenzisa amaphaneli ensimbi azacile, agobile, akha igobolondo eliqhubekayo, elizisekela ngokwalo elingahlanganisa izindawo ezinkulu ezinokusekelwa okuncane kwangaphakathi. Lolu hlobo luthandwa kakhulu ngezakhiwo ezinjengama-domes, izinkundla zemidlalo, nezingadi zezitshalo, lapho kugxilwe ekudaleni indawo yangaphakathi ebukekayo emangalisayo, evulekile kuyilapho imelana namandla emvelo afana nomoya nesithwathwa.

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokwakha buthuthuka, ukuguquguquka kwezakhiwo zensimbi kuyaqhubeka nokukhula, ngokuqamba okusha okuhlanganisa lezi zinhlobo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zephrojekthi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukubeka phambili ukuphakama, ubude be-span, noma ukugqama kwedizayini, uhla oluhlukahlukene lwezakhiwo zensimbi luqinisekisa ukuthi ubunjiniyela besimanje bungaguqula ngisho nemibono yezakhiwo enesibindi ibe ngokoqobo.