Izinsimbi zensimbizibe neqhaza elibalulekile ekulolongeni ingqalasizinda yomhlaba, ukwenza izinguquko kwezokuthutha nokwenza ukuthi umnotho ukhule.Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zeNguquko Yezimboni kuya enkathini yesimanje, ukuvela kwezinsimbi zensimbi kuye kwaba ubufakazi bobuhlakani bomuntu kanye nekhono lobunjiniyela.
Umlando wezinsimbi zensimbi ungalandelelwa emuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 lapho isidingo sezinhlelo zokuthutha ezisebenzayo sagqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kojantshi.Ngaphambi kokwethulwa kojantshi bensimbi, amarayili okhuni ayevame ukusetshenziswa, kodwa ayejwayele ukuguga, anciphise ijubane namandla ezitimela.Ukufika kwamareyili ensimbi kwaphawula intuthuko enkulu, njengoba ayenikeza ukuqina namandla aphakeme, okuvumela ukwandiswa kwamanethiwekhi kaloliwe kanye nokuthuthwa kwemithwalo esindayo.
Ngesikhathi seNguquko Yezimboni, ukukhiqizwa kwezinsimbi zensimbi kwaba nentuthuko enkulu, ngenxa yezinqubo ezintsha zokukhiqiza insimbi.Inqubo ye-Bessemer, eyathuthukiswa ngeminyaka yawo-1850, yaguqula ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi ngokuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi yezinga eliphezulu ngenani eliphansi.Lokhu kuphumelela kwavula indlela yokwamukelwa kabanzi kwezinsimbi zensimbi, njengoba zazithengeka kalula futhi zifinyeleleka kalula kumaphrojekthi wokwakha ujantshi.
Ukuqina nokuqina kweojantshizibe nesandla ekusizeni ukukhula kwezimboni nezohwebo.Ikhono lezinsimbi zensimbi ukumelana nemithwalo esindayo kanye nezimo zemvelo ezinzima zenze zaba semqoka ekuthuthweni kwezimpahla nabagibeli ezindaweni ezikude.Ngenxa yalokho, izinhlelo zezitimela seziwumgogodla womnotho womhlaba, zisebenza njengendlela yokusiza ezohwebo nezohwebo.
Esikhathini samanje, ukuvela komzila wensimbi kuyaqhubeka nokuvela, kuqhutshwa intuthuko kwezesayensi yezinto zokwakha kanye nobunjiniyela.Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-alloys ensimbi anamandla amakhulu kanye namasu okukhiqiza athuthukile kuye kwathuthukisa nakakhulu ukusebenza nokuhlala isikhathi eside kwama-rails ensimbi.Lezi zindlela ezintsha zenze ukuthi kwakhiwe amanethiwekhi kaloliwe anesivinini esikhulu kanye nokwandiswa kwengqalasizinda yezitimela ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomhlaba othuthukayo ngokushesha.
Ukubaluleka kweizinsimbi zensimbikwingqalasizinda yesimanje ayikwazi ukweqiwa.Bakha umgogodla wezinhlelo zokuhamba, amadolobha axhumanisa, izifunda, namazwe, nokwenza lula ukuhamba kwabantu nempahla.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinsimbi zensimbi zineqhaza emizamweni yokusimama ngokunikeza indlela yokuthutha ezonga amandla, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokunciphisa ukuminyana kwezimoto.
Uma sibheka phambili, ikusasa lezinsimbi zensimbi linesithembiso sentuthuko enkulu nakakhulu.Imizamo yocwaningo nentuthuko igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle nokusimama kwezinhlelo zezitimela, ngokugcizelela kakhulu ekwehliseni umthelela wendawo kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza komsebenzi.Kusukela ekwamukelweni kobuchwepheshe besitimela obusha kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwezisombululo zengqalasizinda ehlakaniphile, ukuvela komzila wensimbi sekumi ngomumo ukuqhubeka nokubumba indawo yezokuthutha kanye nempahla.
Sengiphetha, ukuvela komzila wensimbi kube uhambo olumangalisayo, kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo okuphansi ngesikhathi seNguquko Yezimboni kuya endimeni yawo ebalulekile engqalasizinda yesimanje.Njengobufakazi bokuqanjwa kabusha kwabantu kanye nenqubekelaphambili, ama-rails ensimbi aguqule indlela esixhuma ngayo nesinyakazayo, ebeka amathrekhi ekusasa lezokuthutha ezisimeme nezisebenza kahle.
Ikheli
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-10-2024