Isingeniso Sezinqwaba Zeshidi Lensimbi
Izinqwaba zamashidi ensimbiziwuhlobo lwensimbi olunamajoyinti ahlanganayo. Ziza ngezigaba ezihlukene ezihlukene, okuhlanganisa okuqondile, isiteshi, nokumise okuka-Z, futhi ngosayizi abahlukahlukene kanye nokucushwa okuxhumene. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zifaka iLarsen neLackawanna. Izinzuzo zabo zihlanganisa amandla aphezulu, kalula ukushayela emhlabathini oqinile, kanye nekhono lokwakhiwa emanzini ajulile, kanye nokwengezwa kwezisekelo ze-diagonal ukudala ikheji uma kunesidingo. Banikeza izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvimbela amanzi, zingakhiwa zibe ama-cofferdams anobunjwa obuhlukahlukene, futhi zisebenziseka kabusha, zizenze zibe nezinto ezihlukahlukene.
Izici zezinqwaba zamashidi ensimbi amise okwe-U
1. Izinqwaba zeshidi lensimbi le-WR zifaka umklamo onengqondo wesigaba esiphambene nobuchwepheshe bokwakha obuthuthukisiwe, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kwesilinganiso se-cross-sectional modulus-to-weight. Lokhu kuvumela izinzuzo eziphelele zezomnotho futhi kunwebe uhla lwezicelo lwenqwaba yamashidi akhiwe ngendlela ebandayo.
2. Izinqwaba zeshidi lensimbi lohlobo lwe-WRUatholakala ezinhlobonhlobo zokucaciswa namamodeli.
3. Idizayinwe futhi yakhiqizwa ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zaseYurophu, ukwakheka kwazo okulinganayo kusiza ukusetshenziswa kabusha, okulingana nensimbi egoqelwe ngokushisayo, futhi inikeza izinga elithile lenkululeko ye-angular ukuze kulungiswe ukuchezuka kokwakhiwa.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kweizinga okusezingeni eliphezulu carbon steel sheet inqwabakanye nemishini yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe iqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezinqwaba zeshidi ezakhiwe ngamakhaza.
5. Ubude obungokwezifiso bungenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze buhlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende, kube lula kakhulu ukwakhiwa nokunciphisa izindleko.
6. Ngenxa yokukhululeka kwawo ekukhiqizeni, ama-oda angaphambili angenziwa ukuze asetshenziswe nezinqwaba ze-modular.
7. Umjikelezo wokuklama nokukhiqiza mfushane, futhi ukusebenza kwenqwaba yeshidi kungenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamakhasimende.
Izici zezinqwaba zamashidi ensimbi amise okwe-U
1.Izinqwaba Zeshidi Lensimbi Eyakheke Ngokubandayo: Iguquguquka futhi Ibiza kakhulu
Izinqwaba zamashidi ensimbi ezakhiwe ngendlela ebandayo zenziwe ngokugoba amashidi ensimbi amancane abe yisimo oyifunayo. Zingabizi futhi ziguquguquka, zifanele izimo ezihlukahlukene zokwakha. Isisindo sabo esincane sibenza kube lula ukuphatha nokuthutha, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokwakha kanye nezindleko. Izinqwaba zamashidi ensimbi ezakheke ngokubanda zilungele amaphrojekthi anezidingo zomthwalo ophakathi, njengezindonga ezincane ezibambayo, ukumba isikhashana, nokuhlelwa kwezwe.
2.Izinqwaba Zeshidi Lensimbi Eligoqwe Elishisayo: Amandla Angenakuqhathaniswa Nokuqina
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinqwaba zamashidi ensimbi agoqelwe ngokushisa, zenziwa ngokushisisa insimbi ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu bese igingqika ibe ngendlela oyifunayo. Le nqubo inyusa amandla nokuqina kwensimbi, iyenze ilungele ukusetshenziswa komsebenzi osindayo. Umklamo wabo ohlangene uqinisekisa ukuzinza futhi ungamelana nokucindezela okukhulu nomthamo womthwalo. Ngakho-ke, izinqwaba zamashidi ashisayo zivame ukusetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi wokwakha amakhulu, njengokumba okujulile, ingqalasizinda yamachweba, izinhlelo zokulawula izikhukhula, nezisekelo zezakhiwo eziphakeme.
Izinzuzo zezinqwaba zamashidi ensimbi amise okwe-U
1.Izinqwaba zamashidi ensimbi amise okwe-Uatholakala ngezinhlobonhlobo zobukhulu namamodeli.
I-2.Iklanywe futhi yakhiqizwa ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zaseYurophu, isakhiwo sazo esilinganayo sisiza ukusetshenziswa kabusha, okubenza balingane nensimbi egoqwe ngokushisayo.
3. Ubude bungenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze buhlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende, kube lula kakhulu ukwakhiwa ngenkathi kunciphisa izindleko.
4.Ngenxa yokukhiqiza kwabo kalula, banga-odwa kusengaphambili ukuze basetshenziswe ngama-piles modular.
5.Imijikelezo yokuklama nokukhiqiza mifushane, futhi ukusebenza kwenqwaba yeshidi kungenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamakhasimende.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile yezinqwaba zamashidi ensimbi amise okwe-U
| Uhlobo | Ububanzi | Ubude | Ubukhulu | Indawo yesigaba | Isisindo ngenqwaba | Isisindo ngodonga ngalunye | Isikhathi se-Inertia | I-modulus yesigaba |
| mm | mm | mm | Cm2/m | Kg/m | Kg/m2 | Cm4/m | Cm3/m | |
| I-WRU7 | 750 | 320 | 5 | 71.3 | 42 | 56 | 10725 | 670 |
| I-WRU8 | 750 | 320 | 6 | 86.7 | 51 | 68.1 | 13169 | 823 |
| I-WRU9 | 750 | 320 | 7 | 101.4 | 59.7 | 79.6 | 15251 | 953 |
| I-WRU10-450 | 450 | 360 | 8 | 148.6 | 52.5 | 116.7 | 18268 | 1015 |
| I-WRU11-450 | 450 | 360 | 9 | 165.9 | 58.6 | 130.2 | 20375 | 1132 |
| I-WRU12-450 | 450 | 360 | 10 | 182.9 | 64.7 | 143.8 | 22444 | 1247 |
| I-WRU11-575 | 575 | 360 | 8 | 133.8 | 60.4 | 105.1 | 19685 | 1094 |
| I-WRU12-575 | 575 | 360 | 9 | 149.5 | 67.5 | 117.4 | 21973 | 1221 |
| I-WRU13-575 | 575 | 360 | 10 | 165 | 74.5 | 129.5 | 24224 | 1346 |
| I-WRU11-600 | 600 | 360 | 8 | 131.4 | 61.9 | 103.2 | 19897 | 1105 |
| I-WRU12-600 | 600 | 360 | 9 | 147.3 | 69.5 | 115.8 | 22213 | 1234 |
| I-WRU13-600 | 600 | 360 | 10 | 162.4 | 76.5 | 127.5 | 24491 | 1361 |
| I-WRU18- 600 | 600 | 350 | 12 | 220.3 | 103.8 | 172.9 | 32797 | 1874 |
| I-WRU20-600 | 600 | 350 | 13 | 238.5 | 112.3 | 187.2 | 35224 | 2013 |
| I-WRU16 | 650 | 480 | 8 | 138.5 | 71.3 | 109.6 | 39864 | 1661 |
| I-WRU 18 | 650 | 480 | 9 | 156.1 | 79.5 | 122.3 | 44521 | 1855 |
| I-WRU20 | 650 | 540 | 8 | 153.7 | 78.1 | 120.2 | 56002 | 2074 |
| I-WRU23 | 650 | 540 | 9 | 169.4 | 87.3 | 133 | 61084 | 2318 |
| I-WRU26 | 650 | 540 | 10 | 187.4 | 96.2 | 146.9 | 69093 | 2559 |
| I-WRU30-700 | 700 | 558 | 11 | 217.1 | 119.3 | 170.5 | 83139 | 2980 |
| I-WRU32-700 | 700 | 560 | 12 | 236.2 | 129.8 | 185.4 | 90880 | 3246 |
| I-WRU35-700 | 700 | 562 | 13 | 255.1 | 140.2 | 200.3 | 98652 | 3511 |
| I-WRU36-700 | 700 | 558 | 14 | 284.3 | 156.2 | 223.2 | 102145 | 3661 |
| I-WRU39-700 | 700 | 560 | 15 | 303.8 | 166.9 | 238.5 | 109655 | 3916 |
| I-WRU41-700 | 700 | 562 | 16 | 323.1 | 177.6 | 253.7 | 117194 | 4170 |
| I-WRU 32 | 750 | 598 | 11 | 215.9 | 127.1 | 169.5 | 97362 | 3265 |
| I-WRU 35 | 750 | 600 | 12 | 234.9 | 138.3 | 184.4 | 106416 | 3547 |
| Isiqephu 38 | 750 | 602 | 13 | 253.7 | 149.4 | 199.2 | 115505 | 3837 |
| I-WRU 40 | 750 | 598 | 14 | 282.2 | 166.1 | 221.5 | 119918 | 4011 |
| I-WRU 43 | 750 | 600 | 15 | 301.5 | 177.5 | 236.7 | 128724 | 4291 |
| I-WRU 45 | 750 | 602 | 16 | 320.8 | 188.9 | 251.8 | 137561 | 4570 |
Ukusetshenziswa Kwezinqwaba Zeshidi Lensimbi
I-Hydraulic Engineering - Izakhiwo Zomzila Wezikhumulo Zemikhumbi - Imigwaqo Nojantshi:
1. Izindonga zedokhi, izindonga zokulungisa, izindonga ezigcinayo;
2. Ukwakhiwa kwedokhi kanye nendawo yemikhumbi, izindonga zokuhlukanisa umsindo;
3. Izinsimbi, ama-bollards (amadokhi), izisekelo zamabhuloho;
4. Izithasiselo zerada, amarempu, amamithambeka;
5. Ojantshi abashonile, ukugcinwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba;
6. Imigudu.
I-Waterway Civil Engineering:
1. Ukugcinwa komzila wamanzi;
2. Ukugcina izindonga;
3. Ukuqinisa umbhede womgwaqo kanye nothango;
4. Imishini yokufaka; ukuvimbela ukukhwehlela.
Ukulawulwa Kokungcoliswa Kwemiklamo Yokonga Amanzi - Izindawo Ezingcolile, Uthango Nokugcwaliswa:
1.
(Umfula) Izingidi, Amasango E-Sluice: Okucijile, Okucijile;
2.
Ama-Weirs, Amadamu: Ukumba ukuze kushintshwe inhlabathi;
3.
Izisekelo zebhuloho: Imigwaqo yamanzi;
4.
(Umgwaqo Omkhulu, Umzila Wesitimela, njll.) Ama-Culverts: Imigwaqo yamakhebula evikelayo engaphansi komhlaba phezulu kwemithambeka;
5.
Amasango Ezimo Eziphuthumayo;
6.
Ama-Flood Dikes: Ukuncishiswa Komsindo;
7.
Izinsika Zebhuloho, Izinsimbi: Izindonga Zokuhlukanisa Umsindo; Iminyango kanye Nokuphuma.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-15-2025